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Commercial educational

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'''Authoring systems''' are [[authoring environment]]s that have on-screen tools like menus, prompts, icons etc. that let users enter text, graphics, banching logic etc.
and that generate underlying code.

== Popular systems ==

According to [http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/adelaide96/papers/21.html Dalgarno] (1998), {{quotation | Vaughan (1993) describes three distinct interface metaphors: the card or page metaphor (used by Hypercard, Supercard, Toolbook, Visual Basic, Oracle Media Objects and Apple Media Tool); the flowchart metaphor (used by Authorware and Icon Author); and the time-based presentation metaphor (used by Action, Cinemation and Director). More recently object-oriented features have become common in many tools (including Apple Media Tool, Oracle Media Objects, Director, Visual Basic and MFactory Mtropolis)}}.

This article also features a comparison between Authorware, Director, Toolbook, Hypercard, FrontPage and Visual J++. Today one would have to make an other selections, but the fundamental underlying principles of these systems remain pretty similar.

=== Commercial educational ===

Most of these tools also integrate with an [[LMS]], e.g. are [[IMS]]/SCORM compliant in various ways. Links below have been checked in June 2017.

* Macromedia [[Authorware]]. This is now dead. Used to be one of the most powerful CBT/CAI tools)
* [http://www.adobe.com/products/captivate.html Captivate] Originally, a rapid elearning (screencasting) tool from Adobe. Getting better, i.e. allows to create most types of interactive courseware including VR
* [http://www.insystem.com/everest/ Everest] ($1995 list price on 15:22, 26 June 2007 (MEST))
* [http://www.raptivity.com/ Raptivity] from $300 to over $3000)
* [http://www.articulate.com/ Articulate] (several tools, most now regrouped in Articulate 360, formerly Storyline 2). Industry leader, built on top of a PowerPoint design metaphor
* [http://www.experiencebuilders.com/ Experience Builder] (online role-playing simulations). Search for the Experience Builder authoring tool
* [http://www.readygo.com/ ReadyGo] (rather a WBT/e-learning authoring tool, but the "plus" suite can do more maybe).
* [http://www.metrodigi.com/application/ Chaucer]. An e-learning content tool with multimedia capacities
* [http://mzinga.com/composica-2/ Composica]. An e-learning content tool with multimedia capacities
* [https://www.smartbuilder.com/ SmartBuilder]. As of 2019 probably the system that comes closest to authorware, i.e. more powerful than any other.

=== Commercial general purpose ===

; Hypercard like
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperCard Hypercard] (Wikipedia article, now a dead product)
* [http://www.supercard.us/ SuperCard] ($179 - $279) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SuperCard SuperCard] (Wikipedia)
* [http://www.runrev.com/ Revolution] - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolution_%28development_environment%29 Revolution] (MediaWiki)

; Multimedia presentation, animation and interaction
* [http://www.adobe.com/products/director/ Director]
* [[Animate CC]] (formerly created [[Flash]], now also HTML5).
* Quest (dead product ?)

; Other
* [http://tb.sumtotalsystems.com/ Toolbook] ($2795 on 15:22, 26 June 2007 (MEST))
* [http://www.neosoftware.com/ NeoSoft], ($200 - 10% for education)

=== Free or cheap ===

; Hypercard like

* [http://coronet.iicm.edu/HM_Tools/hmcard15/hmcard.htm HM-Card]. HM-Card is a set of tools designed to create and peruse: Computer Supported Educational Packages ; Multimedia Presentations and Demonstrations; Interactive Hypermedia Manuals ; Highly interactive WEB sites (not tested by [[User:Daniel K. Schneider|Daniel K. Schneider]]).

* [http://www.tigabyte.com/ HyperNext Studio] ($20). Inspired by Hypercard.

* [http://pan.uqam.ca/pan/pmwiki.php/Pan/HomePage Pantechnicon Wiki] lists other free HyperCard systems (not tested !)

; Specialized

* [http://cali.arizona.edu/docs/wmaxa/ MaxAuthor] (dead link, dead project?), a free multimedia authoring system for language instruction. Windows 95/98/NT/2000/Me/XP. Student activities include MaxBrowser, Listening Dictation, Pronunciation, Multiple Choice, Vocabulary Completion, and Audio Flashcards. Lessons can be delivered via Internet or MS-Windows

; HTML5-based
* http://h5p.org/

; Quizzing

* [http://hotpot.uvic.ca/ Hot Potatoes], The Hot Potatoes suite includes six applications, enabling you to create interactive multiple-choice, short-answer, jumbled-sentence, crossword, matching/ordering and gap-fill exercises for the World Wide Web. Hot Potatoes is not freeware, but it is free of charge for those working for publicly-funded non-profit-making educational institutions, who make their pages available on the web.
** This is probably today's most popular stand-alone quizzing software - [[User:Daniel K. Schneider|Daniel K. Schneider]] 15:22, 26 June 2007 (MEST).

There should be more systems I think (but don't know). Therefore also consider WBT tools like [[eXe]]. Finally, you also may in certain cases, just use some kind of [[presentation software]].

=== Free or cheap WBT systems ===

(authoring for e-learning platforms)

* [[eXe]]
* [https://www.adaptlearning.org/ Adapt]
* [https://scenari.org/modeles/Opale/ scenari/Opale]
* See also on-line [[:Category:E-learning tools|e-learning tools]], e.g. [[CeLS]], [[LAMS]] or authoring tools for interactive web contents like [[Xerte]].

=== Other/See also ===

* [[Computer game]]. Some toolkits can be used to build educational games.
* [[Cartoon animation software]]

== Links ==

* [http://wiki.multimedia.cx/ Multimedia Wiki] (formats and players)

* [http://lorien.ncl.ac.uk/ming/Resources/cal/mmedia.htm Multimedia Authoring Tools] (good list, updated 2003), retrieved 15:22, 26 June 2007 (MEST).

* [http://www.unc.edu/cit/guides/irg-11.html Assessments of Multimedia Technology in Education: Bibliography]

* [http://dmoz.org/Computers/Software/Online_Training/Authoring/ DMOZ Software: Online Training: Authoring]

* [http://www.georgetown.edu/crossroads/mltmedia.html A Brief Guide To Interactive Multimedia And The Study Of The United States]

* http://fie.engrng.pitt.edu/fie95/3a2/3a21/3a21.htm

* [http://www.cs.uu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/multimedia/authoring-systems/part1.html Multimedia Authoring Systems FAQ 1/3] (1999) - [ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/NEWS.ANSWERS/multimedia/authoring-systems/ Ascii via Usenet FTP Archive]

== References ==

* Dalgarno, B. (1996). Constructivist computer-assisted learning: Theory, technique and tools. Unpublished Master of Science thesis, University of Canberra. (lost in cyberspace ?)

* Dalgarno, Barney (1998), Tools For Authoring Constructivist Computer Assisted Learning Resources: A Review, AsiLite 1998. [http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/adelaide96/papers/21.html HTML/PDF]. (Note: This article is useful also for other design models using interactive multimedia).

* Dalgarno B (1996) Constructivist Computer Assisted Learning: Theory and Techniques, AsciLite 1996. [http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/adelaide96/papers/21.html HTML].

* Locatis,Craig, Al-Nuaim,Hana (1999), Interactive technology and authoring tools: A historical review and analysis, Educational Technology Research and Development, 47, 3, 9/18/1999, Pages 63-75, [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02299634 DOI 10.1007/BF02299634] {{ar}}

* Vaughan, T. (1993). Multimedia, Making it Work. Berkeley: Osborne McGraw Hill.

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