Daniel K. Schneider: Text replacement - "$" to " {{edutechwiki}}"

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Daniel K. Schneider: using an external editor

2010-01-21T16:12:09Z

using an external editor

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{{Stub}}

== Introduction ==

'''Gettext''' is the name of the popular GNU internationalization and localization (i18n) library used in free software.

See also: [[Software localization]].

== Principle ==

Gettext uses the following principle:
* All source code must use Gettext calls when using strings. (e.g. ''print("salut")'' would become ''print (gettext ("salut")'' or the shorcut ''print (_("salut"))''
* The language used in the code will be the key for all translation languages
* xgetttext then can extract all these from the source and produce a *.pot template file.
* This template file then is use to produce editable *.po files that look like this
#: src/name.c:36
msgid "My name is %s.\n"
msgstr "Je m'appelle %s.\n"

Msgid (the key and original language) and msgstr the translated string can be displayd side-by side by so-called PO editors.

Gettext is used in slightly different ways in different languages.

; PHP source code example

(1) Sample code with a string that needs translation
<source lang="php">
<?php
echo _("Hello World!");
?>
</source>

(2) Translations then should go a directory, e.g. ''locale''
Each locale will sit in its own subdirectory. (more details needed here ..)

(3) Sample code to initialize the run-time localization
<source lang="php">
<?php
$locale = "de_DE";
if (isSet($_GET["locale"])) $locale = $_GET["locale"];
putenv("LC_ALL=$locale");
setlocale(LC_ALL, $locale);
bindtextdomain("messages", "./locale");
textdomain("messages");
?>
</source>

; Java

Gettext can be used with the [http://code.google.com/p/gettext-commons/ gettext-commons] library. Java source code modifications rather would look like this:
I18n i18n = I18nFactory.getI18n(getClass());
System.out.println(i18n.tr("This text will be translated"));

== Tools ==

There exist several PO editors, e.g.

* [http://translate.sourceforge.net/wiki/virtaal/index Virtaal].
* [http://www.poedit.net/ Poedit]
* Some programming editors (like [[emacs]] also have PO support.

Toolkits for localization and translation

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translate_Toolkit Translate Toolkit] (Wikipedia) can handle PO files.

== Complications ==

* Dealing with arguments
* Handling plural
* ...

== Links ==

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext GNU Gettext] (Wikipedia)

*[http://mel.melaxis.com/devblog/2005/08/06/localizing-php-web-sites-using-gettext/ Localizing PHP web sites using gettext] by Pablo Hoch, 2005.

[[Category: Programming]]
[[Category: Ergonomics and human-computer interaction]]

Gettext - Revision history

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